Indonesian Journal of Community Services

Preschool teachers' implementation of evidence-based practices for children with autism spectrum disorder: an investigative study

Mohammed Akram Hamdan, Mohammed Hasan Ali Al-Abyadh — Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The study explored preschool teachers’ evidence-based practices when teaching students diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The sample included 76 preschool teachers from different regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), including Tabuk, Eastern Province, Makkah Al-Mukarramah, Riyadh, and Asir, who teach in inclusive classrooms with students with ASD. The primary instrument was a 28-item, structured questionnaire designed to assess the extent of teachers’ implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs). The results showed that the total degree of the sample teachers’ evidence-based practices was moderate. Positive reinforcement was the most used practice, while antecedent-based interventions and behavioral momentum (high-probability request sequence) interventions were the least used. In addition, no significant differences were observed in teachers’ evidence-based practices with ASD students due to the duration of years of teaching experience and academic qualifications at the 0.05 significance level. Teachers need to be provided with more focused in-service training that increases teachers' professional development to improve their knowledge and skills. The study confirms the existing research gap on the utilization of EBPs in early childhood education and offers data-based insights to policymakers and practitioners in inclusive education.

Students' interest in school Al-Kautsar Al Akbar Medan supported food security in Northern Sumatera, Indonesia

Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Agriculture is a vital sector for the economy and food security, especially for Islamic boarding schools (Pesantren) that have limited resources, such as access to water and electricity. Many Islamic boarding schools in remote areas face challenges in achieving economic independence, while available land is not optimally utilized. Therefore, technology-based innovation is needed to optimize existing resources and increase agricultural productivity. The Indonesian Collaborative Community Service (PMKI) USU 2025 aims to select 32 students and teachers during July–October 2025 who demonstrate interest, potential, and a sense of belonging in gardening activities to introduce and implement a smart farming-based agroecosystem in Al Kautsar Al Akbar Islamic Boarding School. Agripreneur activities train participants in suitable cultivation techniques, organic fertilizer production, seed selection, and marketing of organic fertilizer products to the community. Smart farming systems enable more precise and strategic decision-making through the use of sensors and Internet of Things (IoT)-based collected data.

Service-oriented education through serviam values: perspectives of school leaders at Santa Ursula Bandung

Carolus Borromeus Mulyatno, Agustinus Tri Edy Warsono — Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This qualitative research aims to explore the perceptions of the headteachers of the Santa Ursula schools in Bandung regarding the importance of embodying the ‘serviam’ values of love and compassion, integrity, resilience, unity, total commitment, and service in the process of character education and the development of pupils’ social engagement. This study employed a qualitative approach, utilizing focus group discussions (FGDs) as the data collection technique, involving nine participants from the leadership of the Santa Ursula schools in Bandung. The data from the discussions were analyzed thematically and grouped into five variables, namely (1) value-based planning and assessment, (2) teachers’ role modelling and professional development, (3) collaboration between teachers, pupils and parents, (4) the implementation of meaningful learning, and (5) continuous monitoring, evaluation and reflection. The research findings indicate that the embodiment of ‘serviam’ values in education requires strong institutional cultural support, the role of teachers as role models and pedagogues, synergistic collaboration between the school and families, and a system of continuous evaluation. Teachers act as facilitators and pedagogues who help pupils develop empathy, solidarity, and social responsibility from an early age, in line with the principles of servant leadership. This research recommends that schools strengthen collaboration amongst teachers and with external networks to build a positive performance culture, whilst fostering a concern for service.

Humanitarian volunteer training as a strategy for promoting students’ social awareness: collaboration with the KNRP in Social Welfare Study Program, Halu Oleo University

Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This community service program aims to enhance students’ capacity, social awareness, and humanitarian competencies through structured humanitarian volunteer training. Implemented in collaboration with the Komite Nasional untuk Rakyat Palestina (KNRP), the program targets students of the Social Welfare Study Program, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Halu Oleo University. It emphasizes a comprehensive understanding of volunteerism values, fundamental principles of humanitarian action, and the strategic role of volunteers in addressing social issues. The training equips students with essential skills in coordination, communication, and rapid response, while also introducing them to humanitarian networks. Furthermore, the program fosters the development of practical competencies in managing social situations in an organized and effective manner. By promoting a shift in mindset, from passive understanding of solidarity to active engagement, this initiative prepares students to become responsive and committed actors in humanitarian efforts.

Training on strengthening the social role of fish processing and marketer groups through a collaborative approach based on the local social structure in Ranooha Village, Moramo District, South Konawe Regency

Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This community service activity is designed to increase the socio-economic capacity of women fishermen through a participatory and local needs-based approach. The training method involves identification of needs, technical workshops on value-added fish processing, micro-business management training, digital and local-based marketing strategies, as well as group simulations, role plays, and reflective discussions to strengthen cooperation and communication. A collaborative approach is applied by involving village officials, fisheries extension workers, community leaders, and academics to build social networks, solidarity, and group independence. The results of the training show an improvement in technical skills, managerial knowledge, and collective awareness of the importance of cooperation and planned independent business management. The establishment of democratic, transparent, and local social structure-based group institutions increases the efficiency, productivity, and income of fishermen's households. Recommendations include program integration in village development planning, capital support and production facilities, business administration and management coaching, and the use of digital technology for marketing. This activity shows that strengthening social roles through cross-actor collaboration can be a model for empowering women fishers who are sustainable, adaptive, and competitive in coastal communities.

Strengthening the “California” Agrotourism brand through visitor-based eco-digital tourism: a participatory promotion approach in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

Ambo Upe, Hannin PN Soulthoni — Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Agrotourism has emerged as a strategic sector in rural economic development, yet many destinations in Indonesia remain constrained by limited digital promotion capabilities. California agrotourism, located in Cialam Jaya Village, Konda District, South Konawe Regency, possesses considerable potential as an eco-digital tourism destination; however, most visitors have not yet understood how to effectively utilize digital platforms to promote the destination, resulting in the underutilization of digital word-of-mouth promotion and limited brand recognition beyond the local area. This study aims to: (1) increase visitors' awareness of the importance of eco-tourism-based digital promotion; (2) equip visitors with effective creative content production skills; and (3) strengthen the image and reach of the local brand “California” as a leading agrotourism destination in Southeast Sulawesi. The program employed a participatory approach integrating three primary methods: lectures and presentations, demonstrations, and guided independent practice conducted directly at the tourism site. Materials were organized into three sessions covering the urgency of eco-digital tourism, viral branding strategies, and digital content creation techniques. Evaluation was conducted through process observation and in-depth interviews with participants. The results indicate that all three program objectives were successfully achieved. Participants demonstrated a significant improvement in their understanding of eco-digital tourism concepts and actively produced creative digital content across four platforms, namely TikTok, Instagram, Facebook, and websites. The content generated by participants contributed to strengthening the brand image and expanding the promotional reach of California Agrotourism. In conclusion, empowering visitors as organic digital promotion agents through structured technical guidance represents a cost-effective and sustainable strategy for strengthening local agrotourism brand visibility and supporting rural community economic welfare.

Examining the relationship between audit committee share ownership and firm value: evidence from listed consumer goods firms in Nigeria

Suleiman Shatima, Kabiru Shuaibu — Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study examines the impact of audit committee share ownership on the firm value of listed consumer goods companies on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX). An explanatory research design was used, and the population of the study comprised all the consumer goods companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group for the years 2013-2022. Data for the study was obtained from the annual reports and accounts of all listed consumer goods companies for the period. The multiple regression analysis technique was used in analyzing the data. The findings reveal Audit committee share ownership has a significant positive impact on the firm value (TBQ). The study recommends that consumer goods companies should increase audit committee members' Share ownership to align their interests with the company's, promoting overall interest and enhancing firm value.

Unlocking economic opportunities: The Igbo apprenticeship model’s impact on wealth creation in Kano, Nigeria

Nnanguma Kingsley Ahamefula — Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study explores the economic significance of the Igbo Apprenticeship Model (IAM) as a wealth creation strategy in Kano City, Kano State, Nigeria, with a focus on its adaptability in a non-Igbo socio-economic setting. The aim is to examine the extent to which IAM contributes to entrepreneurship, employment generation, and wealth accumulation among urban dwellers in Kano. The specific objectives are to evaluate the structure and operations of IAM among Igbo business owners in Kano; measure the economic outcomes of apprentices’ post-graduation; and identify institutional and operational constraints affecting the model. A quantitative-dominant mixed-methods approach was used. Structured questionnaires were administered to 200 former apprentices, complemented by key informant interviews with 30 Igbo mentors (Ogas) across Sabon Gari Market, Singer Market, and Kofar Ruwa Commercial Area. Data were analyzed using SPSS (v25) for descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and thematic coding of qualitative responses. Findings indicate that 82.5% of former apprentices established independent ventures within 18–30 months after graduation. Of these, 67.2% reported monthly profits of ₦150,000–₦450,000, while 54.3% employed between 2–5 workers, demonstrating wealth multiplication effects. Regression analysis revealed a significant positive relationship (R² = 0.61, p < 0.05) between apprenticeship duration and post-graduation business success. Challenges identified include capital scarcity (74%), absence of formal legal backing (62%), and rising cases of broken trust (33%). The study concludes that IAM is an efficient indigenous framework for entrepreneurship and job creation. It recommends policy support, legal recognition, and integration into vocational training programs.

Integrated utilization of maize residues and kernels through silage and flour production

Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Laju Village, Langgudu District, Bima Regency, is one of the major maize-producing areas in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. However, maize harvest residues, including stalks, leaves, and husks, remain largely underutilized, while dried maize kernels are generally sold without further processing, resulting in relatively low economic returns for farmers. This community service program aimed to improve the income and self-reliance of maize farmers through the implementation of two appropriate technologies: the production of silage from maize harvest residues as livestock feed and the processing of maize kernels into maize flour as a value-added product. The program was implemented through four stages: an initial survey and socialization, theoretical and hands-on training on silage and maize flour production, one month of technical mentoring, and program evaluation using pre-test and post-test assessments. The program involved members of a maize farmer group in Laju Village. The results showed a substantial improvement in participants' knowledge and technical skills, with an average knowledge increase of 89.6% following the training. Participants successfully produced high-quality silage (pH 4.2) and maize flour with a yield of 82.5%, demonstrating the feasibility of both technologies at the community level. The integration of these two technologies increased the economic value of both maize harvest residues and maize kernels while reducing dependence on conventional livestock feed and the sale of unprocessed maize. Overall, this dual-technology approach proved to be an effective community empowerment model based on local agricultural resources, contributing to improved farmer livelihoods and promoting sustainable rural economic development.

Old age allowance program for the socio-economic development and social security of older people: a quantitative study in climate-vulnerable areas of Bangladesh

Md. Golam Azam, Md. Abdul Mazid, Saidur Rahman — Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The old age allowance program has been continuing in Bangladesh for the last two and a half decades, contributing to socioeconomic development and social security of elderly populations, or whether the program is contributing according to the needs of the elderly population is the subject of evaluation. The objective of the study is to evaluate the old age allowance program for the socioeconomic development and social security of the elderly population. It was conducted in 24 villages across eight (08) climate-vulnerable districts of Bangladesh using quantitative research methods, and with a quantitative survey employed for field-level data collection. The study findings reveal that the program contributes positively to the overall socio-economic development of the elderly population especially in economic development (93%), social development (85%), fulfilling nutritional demands (52%), increasing mental peace (99%), helps to be physically healthy (94%), supports as an alternative source of income (88%), and reduces the dependency on others (84%) of the elderly persons. Although the program contributes significantly to the economic, social, and psychological welfare of elderly beneficiaries in climate-vulnerable areas of Bangladesh, its ability to ensure genuine social security and adequate nutrition remains inadequate. However, where only 61% of respondents remark on enhanced social security, the allowance sum scarcely covers basic human needs. Pragmatic policy reforms, such as increasing the allowance from BDT 600 to BDT 1500; revising the age of eligibility to 55 for women and 60 for men; introducing a biometric allowance distribution system; and establishing a dedicated banking system, are required to boost program efficiency.

Teaching integrated skills through the BookWidgets web

Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The rapid development of educational technology requires pre-service English teachers to possess digital pedagogical competencies that support the implementation of technology-enhanced learning. However, many students are still unfamiliar with digital learning platforms such as BookWidgets and have limited experience in designing integrated English language learning activities. This community service program aimed to introduce the BookWidgets platform and improve participants' ability to develop integrated English learning activities involving reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. The program was conducted on June 8, 2026, involving ten students from the English Language Education Study Program at Universitas Nias. The implementation consisted of platform demonstrations, guided hands-on practice, observation, documentation, and evaluation through a post-training questionnaire. The findings showed that most participants successfully designed integrated language learning activities using BookWidgets for English language teaching. Although several technical challenges, including unstable internet connectivity and Gmail account access issues, were encountered, these obstacles were successfully addressed through direct facilitation and continuous guidance. The program demonstrates that practical training using BookWidgets effectively strengthens the digital pedagogical competence of pre-service English teachers and supports the integration of technology into English language teaching.

Implementation of multisensor flood-emergency bags for protecting valuable documents in at-risk communities

Umi Salamah, Imam Azhari — Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Felda Mata Air, Perlis, Malaysia, is one of the communities frequently affected by seasonal flooding, resulting in the loss of valuable documents and delayed emergency response. This community service program aimed to improve community preparedness through the implementation of a multisensor flood-emergency bag equipped with a water level sensor, audible alarm, LED indicator, GPS module, smartphone notification system, and waterproof document compartment. The program was conducted using a participatory approach consisting of community training, hands-on practice, field simulation, and mentoring. The effectiveness of the program was evaluated using pre-test and post-test assessments and analyzed using the normalized gain (N-Gain) method. The results showed that the average participant score increased from 5.49 to 7.78, representing a 41.54% improvement, with an N-Gain value of 0.51, indicating a moderate improvement in disaster preparedness knowledge. Participants also demonstrated the ability to operate the multisensor emergency bag independently during flood simulations. These findings indicate that integrating low-cost multisensor technology with community-based disaster education effectively enhances preparedness and contributes to protecting valuable documents during flood emergencies.